I originally wanted to revisit the more traditional ran insignia when I designed the UOC pins. I usually based my ranks off the Swiss Army ranks and went with the concept of a rising sun based from the flag concept for the UOC. So really, it depends on what you wanted to do.
In photoshop, my base layer was from the background (so any spots not covered by anything were transparent) and dropped in my base shape of a gold circle. My next layer was a white smaller inner circle. My third layer was created by using the pen tool to create the diagonal lines of my first chevron. I just added layers from there repeating the initial shape.
So my advice is to start with the shape of what you want your rank pins to sit on: are they round pins, are they just solo shapes? It's a good thing to consider how they are going to get worn, keeping it simple is the best advice because if you get too detailed, you'll lose it when you shrink it down.