We actually already have loose guidelines for most of this, like how to determine how many systems a faction can hold based on player activity, and then military being limited by how many systems they have. Technology level is a little more abstract but it's mostly handled by theme the faction went with, and you can move from one tech level to another, but it's not something that happens over night.
However I don't think it's a good idea to start trying to laser focus on faction limits and such. There isn't really a 'problem' with the limits right now. What should be looked at is what actually is important to regulate at an OOC level, since the ways a faction can compete with another are limited do to SM preference and do to OOC culture anyway.